草食性動(dòng)物，性情溫順，群居性差。屬恒溫動(dòng)物，正常體溫在38.5～39.5℃之間，對(duì)致熱物質(zhì)反應(yīng)敏感，適于用作熱源實(shí)驗(yàn)。

Herbivorous animals have a gentle temperament and poor social behavior. Belonging to a constant temperature animal, with a normal body temperature between 38.5 and 39.5 ℃, it is sensitive to the reaction of heating substances and suitable for use as a heat source in experiments.

兔的胸腔構(gòu)造與其它動(dòng)物不同，縱隔將胸腔分左右兩室，互不相通。暴露心臟時(shí)，不需人工呼吸。

The chest structure of rabbits is different from that of other animals, with the mediastinum dividing the chest cavity into two chambers, which are not connected to each other. When exposing the heart, artificial respiration is not required.

在回盲處有特有的圓小囊。囊壁富有淋巴濾泡，其粘膜不斷分泌堿性液體，可以中和盲腸中微生物分解纖維素所產(chǎn)生的各種有機(jī)酸，有利于消化吸收。

There is a unique round sac at the ileocecal site. The cyst wall is rich in lymphoid follicles, and its mucosa continuously secretes alkaline fluid, which can neutralize various organic acids produced by microbial decomposition of cellulose in the cecum, facilitating digestion and absorption.

有食糞特性，兔的糞有硬和軟之分，軟糞在晚上排出，含有較豐富的粗蛋白和維生素，家兔直接由肛門吞食軟糞。

Having fecal feeding characteristics, rabbit feces are divided into hard and soft types. Soft feces are excreted at night and contain abundant crude protein and vitamins. Rabbits directly swallow soft feces through their anus.

兔是反射性排卵的動(dòng)物，生育年齡5～6年。平均壽命約8年。

Rabbits are reflex ovulating animals with a reproductive age of 5-6 years. The average lifespan is about 8 years.

有特殊的血型和唾液型。體細(xì)胞的染色體有22對(duì)。

There are special blood and saliva types. There are 22 pairs of chromosomes in somatic cells.

兔對(duì)細(xì)菌內(nèi)毒素、化學(xué)藥品、異種蛋白會(huì)產(chǎn)生熱源反應(yīng)，體溫反應(yīng)靈敏而恒定。用于各類制劑的熱源質(zhì)檢及發(fā)熱解熱機(jī)制研究。

Rabbits exhibit heat source reactions to bacterial endotoxins, chemicals, and heterologous proteins, resulting in a sensitive and constant body temperature response. Used for quality inspection of heat sources for various formulations and research on the mechanism of heat generation and heat dissipation.

眼科研究

Ophthalmic research

家兔眼球大，幾乎成圓形，便于進(jìn)行手術(shù)操作和觀察，也常用于眼科藥物篩選和療效研究。

The rabbit's eyeball is large and almost circular, making it easy for surgical operations and observation. It is also commonly used for ophthalmic drug screening and efficacy research.

皮膚反應(yīng)試驗(yàn)

Skin reaction test

兔對(duì)刺激反應(yīng)敏感，反應(yīng)近似于人，常用兔作為毒物、藥物、化妝品等對(duì)皮膚局部作用的研究。

Rabbits are sensitive to stimuli and have a response similar to that of humans. Rabbits are commonly used as toxins, drugs, cosmetics, and other materials to study the local effects on the skin.

膽固醇代謝和動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化癥研究

Cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis

兔對(duì)致病膽固醇的敏感性高，造型時(shí)間短，成型快。家兔模型的病變與人類基本相似。

Rabbits have high sensitivity to pathogenic cholesterol, short molding time, and fast molding. The pathological changes in the rabbit model are basically similar to those in humans.